The In-depth Study on Universal AWT-RTT-HC-MTT Computation for Passenger Demand beyond Elevator Contract Capacity by Interlinked Monte Carlo Simulation

Albert Ting Pat So, Lutfi Al-Sharif — Sun, 23 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The traditional elevator system design is based on an initial calculation of the round-trip time (RTT) and associated parameters of pure incoming traffic during uppeak, followed by real-time computer simulation. For the calculation, it is always assumed that the passenger demand in one round-trip does not exceed the contract capacity of the elevator. One approach in the middle between the two is by Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) which is closer to real-time computer simulation but could produce consistent and converging results of parameters required by the conventional calculation approach. A previous article [16] (So and Al-Sharif 2023) studies the universal RTT, handling capacity (HC), and mean transit time (MTT) of a round-trip when the passenger demand exceeds the contract capacity of the elevator. The term, “Universal”, refers to the use of a generic PDFOD (probability distribution function origin-destination) matrix to generate passengers’ origin and destination floors. In this article, one more parameter, the average waiting time (AWT), has been added to the study. Waiting time is not well defined on an individual round-trip basis. Here, the method of interlinked Monte Carlo simulation (iL-MCS) is adopted to study the traffic performance of the elevator through a series of continuous round-trips so that the average waiting time of passengers could be estimated. Similar as before, the passenger demand of every round-trip exceeds the contract capacity of elevator. In this way, the passenger demand when the AWT becomes unacceptable can be found, like the RTT, HC and MTT estimated in the previous article.

The Evaluation of EN 81-20 Requirements with regard to Car Deceleration during Buffering Process of Lifts

Stefan Vöth, Paul Vöth — Sun, 23 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Buffers at lifts comprise a certain design. This design and the resulting buffer properties have to cover the different modes of operation. For lift buffers this means the coverage of varying car masses at the specified speed. The paper shows the basic characteristics of hydraulic buffers. Following a sketch on the requirements on buffers according to EN 81-20 is given. A software for the detailed simulation of buffer collisions is presented. In the main part of the paper this software is used to calculate and to analyze two cases of buffer collisions at maximum and minimum loading each. The results out of these simulations are shown and discussed in brief.

Transportation Systems in Buildings

The In-depth Study on Universal AWT-RTT-HC-MTT Computation for Passenger Demand beyond Elevator Contract Capacity by Interlinked Monte Carlo Simulation

The Evaluation of EN 81-20 Requirements with regard to Car Deceleration during Buffering Process of Lifts